Ovarian & Cervical Cancer
Overview
Gynaecological cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the uterus of Female. The uterus is the pear-shaped, hollow, Pelvic organ which is a fetal birth place.
Gynaecological cancer is often detected at an early stage because it frequently produces abnormal vaginal bleeding. If Gynaecological cancer is discovered early then Surgically operated Tumours and its surrounding structures can cure or control Gynaecological cancer.
Another very common type of gynaecologic cancer is Breast, cervical and Ovarian cancer and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. Most of the Women in Bangladesh have suffered on of this cancer and newly diagnosed every year.
SYMPTOMS
Signs and symptoms of Gynaecological cancer may include: Mostly asymptomatic
- Abnormal Vaginal bleeding after menopause
- Heavy blood flow during period
- Bleeding between periods
- Loss of appetite.
- Fowl smell may or not mixed with blood
- Pelvic pain persists more than 2 weeks.
- Extreme and sudden onset of bloating
- Pian during physical relation.
- Ulcerous proliferative mass visible on examination.
- Bleeding from rectum or anus /Blood in urine.
- Fluid retention in Abdomen and legs.
Common Tumors
- Cervix- Squamous cell Carcinoma, Adenosarcoma, Cervical Malignant Mixed tumours.
- Ovary-Mucinous cyst Adenoma, serous cyst Adenoma, Dermoid cyst. Undifferentiated Carcinoma
- Uterus-Fibroma, Mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tumours. Endometrioid carcinoma, Serous carcinoma
CAUSES
It is unknown what causes Gynaecological cancer. Something occurs to create changes (mutations) in the DNA of cells in the endometrium — the lining of the uterus.
RISK FACTORS
Factors that increase the risk of Gynaecological cancer include:
- Fluctuation of Female Hormone can make lot of changes within the vital organ of Female reproductive system. Oestrogen and Progesterone are two main hormones. Sometimes hormone treatment or lack of one of them can increase the risk.
- Early menstruation at the age of 10-12 years can sometimes increase the risk.
- If you've never been pregnant, you have a higher risk of Gynaecological cancer.
- As you get older, your risk of Gynaecological cancer increases. Gynaecological cancer occurs most often after menopause.
- Become obese, increases your risk of Gynaecological cancer. This may occur because excess body fat alters your body's balance of hormones.
- Hormone therapy for breast cancer. Taking the hormone therapy drug tamoxifen for breast cancer can increase the risk of developing Gynaecological cancer.
- An inherited colon cancer syndrome. Lynch syndrome, also called hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), is a syndrome that increases the risk of colon cancer and other cancers, including Gynaecological cancer. Lynch syndrome is caused by a gene mutation passed from parents to children.
