Blood Cancer
Overview
Blood cancer is a type of cancer that affects different types of blood cells. It spreads quickly to the blood and lymph nodes and other parts of the body, including the brain and spines.
The most common kinds of cancer of the blood are:
- Leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma.
- Leukemia is a cancer of white blood cells that occurs when abnormal and uncontrolled growth happens. It has two types
- ALL-Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- AML (Acute Myeloid Leukemia).
- Lymphoma is another type of blood cancer that affects the lymphatic system of the body. Abnormal lymphocytes in the blood become lymphoma. This abnormal cell damages the immune system of the human body.
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is one type of blood cancer that develops in the lymphatic system from cells called lymphocytes. It’s a type of white blood cell that helps the body fight against infection.
Hodgkin lymphoma is a blood cancer that develops in the lymphatic system from cells called lymphocytes. Hodgkin lymphoma is characterized by the presence of an abnormal lymphocyte called the Reed-Sternberg cell.
Myeloma is a malignancy of plasma cells. Plasma cells help us build immunity, but myeloma cells reduce antibody production and impair immunity in the human body. - Blood test (WBC, platelet) to see monoclonal lymphocytosis.
- A bone marrow biopsy from the hip’s bone marrow to see the presence of leukemia cells.
- Lymph node biopsies are used to detect certain types of leukemia.
- Chest X-rays, ultrasounds, and MRIs are also used to find damage to other organs.
- Chemotherapy uses anticancer drugs to interfere with and stop the growth of cancer cells in the body. Chemotherapy for blood cancer sometimes involves giving several drugs together in a set regimen. This treatment may also be given before a stem cell transplant.
- Biological (immune) therapy: interleukin and interferon are used to boost immunity to fight against cancer cells.
- Targeted therapy:
- Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy may be used to destroy cancer cells or to relieve pain or discomfort. It may also be given before a stem cell transplant
- Bone marrow or stem cell transplant
- Stem cell transplantation: A stem cell transplant infuses healthy, blood-forming stem cells into the body. Stem cells may be collected from the bone marrow, circulating blood, and umbilical cord blood.
- All types of laboratory facilities for diagnosing blood cancer and its types.
- Bone marrow transplant and analysis center.
- Expert team of hematology and transplant consultants.
Symptoms
- Anaemia
- Thrombocytopenic bleeding
- Infections, mainly bacteria and fungal
- Weight loss
- Enlarged spleen
- Enlarged lymph node
Factors influences:
- Aging
- Family History of Genetic factors
- Previously treated Cancer by Radiation
- Exposure to certain chemicals like benzenes.
- Blood disorders of the as-myelodysplastic syndrome.
- Viral or certain infection
- Week Immune system
Stages
Stage I –Cancer cell spread to the lymph-node but other organ and structures are not affected.
Stages II–III -In this stage, the Liver, Spleen, Lymph gland get involved.
Stage IV -This stage has a high-risk ratio, Blood platelet rapidly fall down, other organ and lungs especially highly affected, too few blood platelets, with or without anemia and Lymph node enlarged.
Diagnosis
- Blood test (WBC, platelet) to see monoclonal lymphocytosis.
- A bone marrow biopsy from the hip’s bone marrow to see the presence of leukemia cells.
- Lymph node biopsies are used to detect certain types of leukemia.
- Chest X-rays, ultrasounds, and MRIs are also used to find damage to other organs.
Treatment
- Chemotherapy uses anticancer drugs to interfere with and stop the growth of cancer cells in the body. Chemotherapy for blood cancer sometimes involves giving several drugs together in a set regimen. This treatment may also be given before a stem cell transplant.
- Biological (immune) therapy: interleukin and interferon are used to boost immunity to fight against cancer cells.
- Targeted therapy:
- Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy may be used to destroy cancer cells or to relieve pain or discomfort. It may also be given before a stem cell transplant
- Bone marrow or stem cell transplant
- Stem cell transplantation: A stem cell transplant infuses healthy, blood-forming stem cells into the body. Stem cells may be collected from the bone marrow, circulating blood, and umbilical cord blood.
Our services
- All types of laboratory facilities for diagnosing blood cancer and its types.
- Bone marrow transplant and analysis center.
- Expert team of hematology and transplant consultants.
